![]() ![]() Musicologists have marveled at the flowing, harp-like sounds his invention enabled and have been unable to reproduce it with any kind of exactness. He played it with both hands and called it a Manzarene, according to a recently discovered Teague Chronicle article from 1907. He sings it to his own “novelty accompaniment,” as Columbia credited it-a custom instrument he built by reconfiguring two fretless zithers, restringing them and giving them a unique tuning pattern. One of the earliest recordings of “Burden” is by Washington Phillips (1880–1954), a singing farmer-preacher from Simsboro, East Texas it’s one of eighteen sides he recorded for Columbia Records from 1927 to 1929. It started making the rounds in black churches, and gospel-blues artists and guitar evangelists began recording it for big-city record labels, who would send representatives around the country to collect and record “race music” to then press into 78s to market to African Americans. Tindley wrote “Take Your Burden to the Lord and Leave It There” in 1916. ![]() ![]() One of the founding fathers of American gospel music, Charles A. ![]()
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